Tea drinkers Rare Diabetes | Reduce diabetes ridk

Tea drinkers Rare Diabetes | Tea drinkers can avoid type 2 diabetes, is certainly the best news for tea lovers. This is the latest research results. However, this can happen when we drink four cups of tea a day.

A study of populations in Europe found that the countries who drank four cups of tea a day - the average community in the UK - have a risk 20 percent lower risk of type 2 diabetes.

Researchers said the benefits of drinking tea seems most evident among drinkers of 4 or more cups of tea a day. While those who drank one to three cups a day does not have a reduced risk of diabetes.

The research team led by Christian Herder of the Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Germany, said previous research shows tea consumption was associated with a lower incidence of type 2 diabetes.

"Obesity is a major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes, but dietary factors may also play a role. One interesting factor is the consumption of diet tea. Tea consumption may lower risk of type 2 diabetes affect the digestion of glucose, glucose absorption, and to protect the beta cells from free radical damage. this beneficial effect may be caused by the content of polyphenols in tea, "said Herder.

"Drink at least four cups of tea per day was associated with a 20 percent lower risk, while drinking one to three cups per day did not lower the risk of diabetes compared with non-tea drinkers," he added.

Herder said, it is not certain whether the amount of tea intake influences. Therefore, he examined the association between tea consumption and the number of cases of type 2 diabetes in European populations.

Research was conducted at 26 centers in eight European countries, and consists of 12 403 incident cases of type 2 diabetes plus thousands of other volunteers who do not have the disease.

"Improving our understanding of lifestyle modification associated with the development of type 2 diabetes become very important because the prevalence of diabetes continues to increase rapidly."

"In line with these findings, no association of tea consumption when studied as a continuous variable. This may indicate that the protective effect of tea was limited to those who consumed the highest amounts of tea," he said.

Diabetes Threatens Children Now

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease which number of cases continues to increase worldwide, including in Indonesia. Diabetes is now no longer an enemy of adults, but also children.

Data research of work unit of child endocrinologist coordination throughout Indonesia who had released the Directorate General of Disease Control and Environmental Health Ministry of Health in early March 2012, for example: it shows that the number of people with diabetes in children and adolescents under 20 years 731 children registered.

Meanwhile, Diabetes and Nutrition Center (PDN) RSU Dr Soetomo Surabaya had to make estimates that in 2009 there are about 650,000 children in Indonesia suffered from diabetes mellitus and the majority are type 2 diabetes. This figure is obtained by calculating five percent of the total 13 million people with diabetes mellitus of all age groups in 2009.

While the Department of Pediatrics from Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia (medicine) estimate, number of children with diabetes showed a tendency to continue rising in recent years. In 2011, then for example, at least 65 children with diabetes were recorded, up 400 percent from 2009. Of that amount, a total of 32 children suffering from type two diabetes.

"We always thought that certain diabetes in children with type 1 diabetes. But now, many children are affected by type 2 diabetes, due to poor lifestyle,"

said dr. Dyah Purnamasari Sulistianingsih, Sp.PD, from the Division of Metabolic Endocrinology Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia (medicine) in a media seminar on Thursday (5/10/2012), in Jakarta.

Dyah said, everyone who does not have a healthy lifestyle can be attacked by the disease diabetes. Therefore, a healthy lifestyle should be maintained with food and a healthy diet, and exercise regularly, so that sugar levels can be controlled and avoid diabetes.

Some studies suggest that, in managing children with diabetes type 2 is generally more difficult than in adults. Most cases of diabetes in children is caused due to obesity. If the parents are not aware of this threat early on, it can tend to be less effective treatment.

Why not be effective? Because the provision of drugs in children with diabetes will usually be more difficult than adults because a child is more difficult to manage, let alone the gift must be made continuously in the long run.

"It takes a psychological approach. Due to different treatment in children and adults," he said.

Dyah said more, that type 1 diabetes usually occurs more frequently in children, where there is a shortage of insulin in the body, due to damage to pancreas gland, that caused by an autoimmune process. Damage to the pancreas is generally only cause symptoms after the destruction of pancreatic cells reached 90 percent or more.

Diabetes can be known from your Teeth

Diabetes can be known from your Teeth | To day's articles is about diabetes, diabetes is one of very chronic disease, be careful and give attention for cure it, for more information to diabetes, read also article that are related in diabetes categories, Diabetes disease attacks young age, The signs of diabetes mellitus, Softdrink Consumption could Get Diabetes, Disease Diabetes Mellitus (DM), Diet For Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy, Natural Ways To Treat Diabetes Mellitus, Cure Diabetes Totally Naturally, Diabetes Can Disable Sexual Organs, apples prevent diabetes

Not excessive when a health professor at New York University, Shiela Strauss, said the dentist's chair is the perfect place to detect a variety of chronic diseases, like diabetes.

Just by looking and asking a few questions related to the condition of the teeth and mouth, a dentist can identify those at risk of diabetes.

"From there, the dentist may refer patients to other specialists for further examination," said Strauss, as quoted by Fox News.

Through a study published in the American Journal of Public Health, Strauss proved that those who have diabetes have a higher risk of gum disease. That is, those who have diabetes will at least been to the dentist to treat gum disease.

Not only diabetes, dental examinations also might be a clue that leads to obesity, high blood pressure, and substance abuse. "It's not about the diagnosis, only the instructions for the patient's body to perform medical tests in more detail," he said.

Head of Dental Medicine at Winthrop University Hospital, New York, adding that a dentist can not be directly related to the diagnosis of a chronic disease which may suffered by patients. However, the dentist may recommend further tests based on initial symptoms.

"The world dental and medical world is separated by a gap big enough, but the gap must be closed. Dentists can help prevent the disease can be detected early and accelerate healing, "he said.

Heart and Stroke

Detection of diseases associated with blood vessels such as heart disease and stroke, can also be done by cleaning teeth and gums. Those who have tooth and gum hygiene conditions are poor at risk of stroke and heart disease.

Source: resepwebid

Like Eat Apples, Diabetes Away | Apple Benefits

Like Eat Apples, Diabetes Away | Apple Benefits | Recent research from the United States found that the consumption of some types of fruits such as blueberries, apples and pears associated with lower risk of diabetes.

According to researchers, this fruit contains flavonoids, naturally occurring compounds present in fruits, vegetables and grains, which is based on the results of some research related to health benefits such as lower risk of heart disease or cancer.

"People who eat blueberries or apples in a higher number, they have a lower risk of type 2 diabetes,"

said An Pan, a researcher from the Harvard School of Public Health.

According to Pan, the findings suggest an association, but does not directly prove that the fruits could prevent diabetes.

Research published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition showed results consistent with some previous research which had already connect a diet high in fruits (rich in flavonoids) associated with a decreased risk of hypertension.

According to the American Diabetes Association, approximately 26 million Americans have diabetes. This is caused by the body's inability to produce or use insulin, a hormone that converts glucose in the blood into energy.

Type 2 diabetes can usually be controlled with exercise and dietary changes and without insulin.

In the study, researchers from the U.S. National Institutes of Health track the diet of some 200,000 men and women for 24 years. The participants, are requested to fill out questionnaires about how often they eat certain foods and beverages with standard portion sizes. In early research, all participants are known no one had diabetes, but during the study period, a total of 12 600 participants were diagnosed with diabetes.

Research results found that those who love the blueberry has a 23 percent lower risk of type 2 diabetes, compared with those who do not eat blueberries. While participants who ate five or more apples per week also had 23 percent lower risk of developing diabetes than participants who did not eat apples.

The researchers revealed that the flavonoids in fruits may have beneficial effects in reducing the risk of diabetes. "We found consistent results from three research results. Where the three studies indicate that consumption of apples and blueberries beneficial for preventing type 2 diabetes," said Pan.

According to Pan, the findings took into account other risk factors, such as weight, smoking and family history of diabetes. "This finding is very good because it encourages us to eat fruits directly rather than fruit juice (processed)," he said, citing recent evidence that the juice of sugar-sweetened fruit preparations and other additives may increase the risk of diabetes.

Diabetes Can Disable Sexual Organs

Diabetes Can Disable the Sexual Organs - Uncontrolled diabetes can cause damage to organs or called by any complications. In addition to triggering heart disease, stroke, or kidney disease, complications of diabetes can also damage the sexual organs.

Basically the cause of damage is always high blood sugar resulting from insulin resistance (diabetes type 2) or unavailability of insulin (diabetes type 1).

The recommended blood sugar levels for diabetics is below 150 or 180 if they already suffer from this disease for a long time. In these levels damage nerves and blood vessels can be slowed.

In order to function optimally, the sexual organs should be supported by good blood flow and the ability to respond to stimuli received. If blood sugar is too high, the cells can not function properly so that the nerve becomes damaged. This causes the patient numb.

Uncontrolled blood sugar also damages the blood vessels due to decreased ability to contract and relax when needed. These disorders may also increase the risk of atherosclerosis that interfere with blood flow.

These factors would take effect on sexual function. Nerve damage can cause loss of sensation in the genital organs so that passion becomes difficult though it gets resurrected stimuli.

Disruption of blood flow causes the erectile dysfunction or impotence in men and lack of lubrication or difficulty achieving orgasm in women. The worst is often diabetic patients have a poor response to drugs of erectile dysfunction.

Therefore, it is advisable to perform blood sugar control to prevent disease while maintaining domestic harmony. This could begin with the start diving healthy lifestyle such as eating a balanced diet low in sugar or simple carbohydrates.

Sport is a must for diabetics. In addition to maintaining the stability of blood sugar, exercise is also beneficial to keep the mood and fitness.

Another way to keep your sex life is not disrupted regular intercourse. "So that the blood flow to the genital area to be smooth, use to have sex," says Ian Kerner, author of Good in Bed Guide to Overcoming Premature ejaculation.

In fact, people who make love at least once a week tend to have sexual organs function better even though you get older.

The Important of sport to prevent diabetes

The Important of sport to prevent diabetes - Research shows, one of the best ways to avoid the risk of diabetes is to always handle the weight, then work out. This can be achieved by conducting regular physical activity as well as undergoing "a healthy diet pattern" which focused on the "fruits and vegetables".

Many people are reluctant to work out on the grounds that busy and there was no spare time. In fact, physical activity is an important means to prevent many serious diseases and conditions health disorders.

Some studies have shown the importance of regular exercise, even the experts still debate how long it an ideal sport to prevent diabetes disease. As a result, recommendations were also wide, ranging from 1 hour, 30 minutes, and 15 minutes.

In fact, recent studies claim, make physical activity a day for 1 minute (eg jogging) can substantially reduce the risk of a serious disease such as diabetes type 2.

Moreover, researchers argue that doing physical activity with the short time span can also help, but also help treat diabetes, although more research is needed on this matter.

In recent research, for example, members of the Department of Health, University of Bath, involving several participants asked to do a sprint cycling two times (20 seconds) for three times a week. The experiment lasted for six weeks. After that, the scientists did some physical measurements and tests. This research result shows that an increase in insulin function participants 28 percent on average.

Researchers say this is not the first findings that show positive effects from short-term physical activity to increase insulin function and blood sugar levels. In principle, regular physical exercise with the proper amount proved to be the best way to prevent type 2 diabetes and keep blood sugar low.

However, factors such as lifestyle, habits, bad habits, poor motivation, and they often become barriers busy and contributing greatly to the lack of physical activity most of us.

Cure Diabetes Totally Naturally

Cure Diabetes Totally Naturally| In society and in medical school has always played with the view that diabetes is a disease that can not be completely cured. People with diabetes will receive medication or insulin injections for the rest of their lives and if there is a gangrenous wounds (wounds that can not be dry rot), too long will get surgery for the leg or arm amputees who suffer the gangrene. Is there a solution that could cure diabetes in total?

Of course there are, With a holistic medical treatment technique that utilizes the natural, people with diabetes can be cured TOTAL naturally even without side effects. For more details, let us consider three examples cited testimony from Poster and other sources.

Balanced Nutrition, Prevent Diabetes Complications

Balanced Nutrition - Diabetes is a chronic disease that spend a lot of cost. The increase in blood sugar levels are uncontrolled and persistent can cause damage to small blood vessels and large blood vessels that lead to vision problems to heart disease and stroke.

Environmental factors related to lifestyle such as lack of exercise and excessive nutrient intake and obesity are factors that can be repaired.

There is no doubt that nutrition is an important factor for the occurrence of 'diabetic type-2'. Lifestyle westernized and relaxed living and long life expectancy are factors that increase the prevalence of diabetes.

Here are some suggestions of balanced nutrition which is related to the prevention of diabetes, among others:

Eat a variety of foods
None of the types of foods that contain all the nutrients that can make a person healthy and productive life. Therefore, everyone including people with diabetes need to eat a variety of foods.

Eat to meet energy sufficiency
In order to carry out everyday activities, such as working, studying, exercising and other activities, everyone needs to eat enough food energy, not lack and not excessive. Adequacy of energy characterized by normal weight. Therefore, to achieve and maintain normal weight.

Eat carbohydrate source
Most of the energy needs (choose complex carbohydrates and fiber, limit simple carbohydrates are refined. There are three groups of complex carbohydrates, simple, and fiber.

Fake therapies.How can we stop it?

"Doctor, can I take 'Abcdxyz' for control of my Diabetes?"


The patient in front of me was asking about one of those numerous alternative 'medicines' for Diabetes advertised all over the media.

Iam asked such questions very often and my standard reply was I am a practioner of Modern Medicine and had little or no knowledge of other Medicinal Systems.

"Is there any harm in taking such medicines?" will be the next question and I will reply that I do not know.

Do I really do not know anything about such alternative medicines? If so why? Should I have been able to guide my patients better about the usage of alternative medicines?

Modern medicine is the science that tries to use all the new knowledge and technology available for mankind to improve the health of human beings. Being a practitioner of Modern Medicine and a keen follower of all research that is taking place in this field I should be able to tell whether a therapeutic method is superior, inferior or useless in comparison to currently accepted treatment method.

So how can I research the data regarding these so called ‘wonder alternative medicines’ for Diabetes? Is there any research ever done for these drugs?

The truth is no good quality research takes place before such products come into market. The Company that produces and markets such drugs never provides any research data. Just plain logic should make all of us realise that these medicines are ineffective because a medicine that can be proven to reduce blood sugar even by few milligrams can make billions if it was scientifically approved. The mere fact that no effort is made to get scientific approval for such products by conducting scientific studies tells us that these products are just placebos sold to unsuspecting public with massive advertisement budgets.

Should we stop such Fake therapies?

Many will say that even though such therapies are ineffective they can do no harm, so why one should try to stop them.

The Companies are fooling unsuspecting people using the name of ancient Indian science Ayurveda. People are wasting their hard earned money by buying and consuming useless products. They could have used this money for a much more useful purpose in bettering their lives.

Also how can one surely say that there are no harmful effects for such products without any proper studies? So stopping of such fake therapies is important for society's health.

How can we stop such Fake therapies?

Most important step should come from the Government. All such alternative medicines and supplements should undergo rigorous scientific testing before they are sold in the market. Advertisements with exaggerated or false claims should be severely curbed.

As a practising doctor I should strongly discourage patients from taking such unproven therapies. I should explain to them that their money will be wasted and no one has any idea of the side effects that it can produce.

With increasing awareness among Indian consumers I feel that people of our country cannot be taken for granted any more. Useless [and maybe harmful] products minting money for unscrupulous Companies should be stopped.

Natural Ways To Treat Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is in essence a metabolic disorder, because the decline in the production of hormone insulin, which functions to break down sugars in the blood or. As a result of decreases in productivity of the hormone insulin is produced by the pancreas gland, the body, it was increasing the rate of blood sugar, so sugar will be released through urine. This is what cause the feeling thirsty and lost a lot of weight by caloric excess in the body, accompanied by complaints, grievances: as always feel hungry, fatigue and excessive urination with frekwensi.

Diabetes or diabetes mellitus is a disease which is basically not very dangerous but is actually afraid of is if the long-term complications. This disease can cause a variety of other diseases, like heart disease, high blood pressure, and kidney disorders and damage to the nerve and retina of the eye. Diabetes mellitus is basically declining and complex nature.

These conditions resulted in all the sugar (in the form of glucose) is consumed by the body can not be processed properly, so blood sugar levels will rise. Sugar which includes polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, disaccharides, and monosaccharides are energy sources that support the whole activity. The whole of this sugar will be processed into power by the hormone insulin.

High blood sugar often is caused by several things, such as unbalanced diet and irregular, rest (sleep), which is less and the lack of sports activities and various other causes.

Discipline in maintaining blood sugar levels that enters the body, is one alternative, to reduce the spread of the disease. This requires prevention of complications by changing the wrong way of life, such as westernized way of life by becoming a more healthy way of life and avoid consuming foods or beverages that are taboo. Otherwise attend to consume food that contains low calories. Until blood sugar levels quickly returned to normal: the grass-umbian and others.

For treatment of this disease usually Herbalist do some therapy in order to be better known until the examination in which the damages caused by the disease so that drugs work is given or consumed will be more perfect.

Some species of medicinal plants that have a property as an anti-flogistika (anti-inflammatory), astringent, stimulant (drug for freshener) that the efficacy of the drug have oil content of tannin, a substance that can neutralize Leather and shed disease, sinensetin functioning as anti-bacterial and anti-toxin or anti-toxins for treatment of diabetes mellitus are as follows:
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Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy

Diabetes mellitus - Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy in medical terms is called gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus may only take place during pregnancy but can also continue despite not pregnant anymore.

According to research, approximately 40-60 percent of women who had diabetes mellitus in pregnancy can proceed with diabetes mellitus after delivery. It is suggested that postpartum blood sugar examination was repeated on a regular basis such as every six months.

Risk factors for diabetes mellitus in pregnancy is a history of recurrent miscarriage, had given birth weight infants equal to or exceeding 4000 g, have had preeclampsia (pregnancy poisoning), or never gave birth to a baby die for no apparent reason or a baby with congenital defects.

In addition, a risk factor is age of pregnant women exceeds 30 years, history of diabetes mellitus in the family, as well as diabetes mellitus had experienced in previous pregnancies.

Management of diabetes in pregnancy should be integrated between the physician obstetrics, internal medicine, nutritionists, and child specialists. Management target is to achieve normal blood sugar levels are fasting blood sugar less than 105 mg/dl and two hours after eating less than 120 mg/dl. Goals can be achieved by making dinner arrangements.

If needed it is given insulin to lower blood sugar levels reach normal. Usually when fasting blood glucose levels exceeding or equal to 130 mg/dl in addition to meal planning needs to be given insulin.

When fasting blood glucose level below 130 mg/dl, treatment can be started by planning to eat alone. In meal planning recommended amount of calories by 35 cal/kg ideal body weight, except when patients fat calories reduced. In pregnancy usually need to consider the addition of calories as much as 300 cal. In order for the fetus in the womb can grow well advised to consume protein for 1 to 1.5 g.

Use of insulin usually starts with small doses and increased as needed to achieve normal blood sugar levels. Usually you will be taught to inject insulin themselves so as not to depend on others.

For that you need to learn the principles of sterility, recognize the various types of insulin, as well as understand the dosage and the provision of appropriate insulin.

You do not need to worry about bad influences of insulin on fetal growth. Instead insulin is expected to help achieve normal blood sugar levels so that the fetus can grow well and avoid labor pains.

When blood sugar is not controlled, then a state of the pregnant mother's blood sugar is high (hyperglycemia), which can pose a risk to the mother and fetus.

The risk of fetal growth restriction can occur because the resulting abnormalities in maternal blood vessels and metabolic changes during pregnancy. On the contrary may occur makrosomia ie large baby at birth due to the accumulation of fat under the skin. Also been reported due to congenital defect of untreated diabetes mellitus pregnancy time.

Another risk is the increased levels of bilirubin and the baby breathing disorders and heart abnormalities. In pregnant women with diabetes mellitus who are not treated can lead to the risk of pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia, amniotic fluid overload, and urinary tract infections.

So the management of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy needs to be done well to improving the health of mothers and babies.[keluargacemara.com]

How to Lower Blood Sugar

This way of lowering blood sugar may be the recipe from my neighbor, though it seems quite impossible but for the sake of my mother treatment, I try to stay as well. according to the "Mak lan" the name of my neighbors was the way she lowered her blood sugar had reached 500 up to 280 within a few days just by eating the "Undur-Undur" and small animal hole digger maker sand, like the picture besides, how else very easily just by eating the 3 of undur-undur. That is inserted into the banana and conducted for 3 consecutive days, and the results are remarkable blood sugar can drop very rapidly (500 off 280).

Apparently, this powerful way strengthened by one of the sources of my friends who work in batam named "Rusli", he said once his friend bought the drug from the sense of blood sugar (Chinese medical experts) to his father that shaped capsules that cost Rp.250rb, 2 x-consuming capsules father's blood sugar dropped dramatically, the friend was curious because the efficacy of this capsule which only eat 2 undur-undur, a direct blood sugar can go down, then he bought the capsule again and try to see its contents, apparently inside the capsule there are 3 tail "undur-undur", small animals as I told above.

Seeing the fact that my mother had tried it, I painstakingly look for it, go along the edge of the house and tore-abriknya with a small spoon. New to 3 tails and overnight've eaten, lived 6 tails should I be looking again today. hopefully this is useful way to help lower blood sugar and my mother was not in vain I publish this article to help others who are experiencing the same thing.

TRanslate from: dinoe-dasbos.blogspot.com


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Diet For Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a terrible disease. where, if someone has been attacked diabetes mellitus, then all the other diseases that injuries would be very difficult to be cured or can not even treat. we express the following ways of maintaining healthy diet for diabetes can be overcome.

Now, We will try to explain about how to manage the diet for Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is a disease that characterised by hyperglycaemia, whether it is cause by deficiency of insulin in the human body or diminished effectiveness of insulin it self. There are many cases why the insulin become inactive and hence induces hyperglycaemia, for example due to over production of other hormones which are antagonistic to Insulin such as glucagon, hormones of the pituitary, adrenaline and thyroid. Also due to increased production of substances which inactivate insulin (insulinase and insulin antagonists present in plasma.

The disease is chronic and affects the metabolism of carbohydrate, protein, fat, water and electrolytes. Diabetic Diet for diabetics patient is simply a balanced healthy diet which is vital for diabetic treatment, but sometime many people are they don't understand that these diet consist only diabetic foods. Diabetes mellitus is often found to be associated with other conditions such as blood pressure, obesity, hypercholesterolaemia, cardiovascular disease, kidney disorder and the nervous system.
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Disease Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

Disease Diabetes Mellitus (DM), also known as diabetes or blood sugar disease is a chronic disease group characterized by an increase in blood sugar levels as a result of disturbances in the body's metabolic system, where the organ pancreas unable to produce insulin the body needs.

Insulin is one of the hormones produced by the pancreas which is responsible for controlling the number/blood sugar and insulin is needed to change (process) of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into energy needed human body. Lower insulin function in blood sugar levels.

1. Signs and Symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus

Early signs that it is known that a person suffering from DM or diabetes that can be seen directly from the effect of increasing blood sugar levels, which increase blood sugar reaches 160 to 180 mg/dL and urine (urine) diabetic containing sugar (glucose ), so the urine is often surrounded by ants.

People with diabetes generally show signs and symptoms below, although not all patients experience:

1. Number of urine issued more (Polyuria)
2. Often or quickly feel thirsty / thirst (Polydipsia)
3. Excessive hunger or eat a lot (Polyphagia)
4. Increased urine frequency / urine kept (glycosuria)
5. Losing weight is not clear why
6. Tingling / numbness nerve endings in the hands & feet ditelapak
7. Quick tired and weak all the time
8. Myopic vision experience sudden
9. If the wound / etched (korengan) slow healing
Especially 10.Mudah infection of the skin.

Condition drastic sugar levels rapidly decrease will cause a person to become unconscious and even entered the stage of coma. Symptoms of diabetes can develop quickly over time in a matter of weeks or months, especially in a child who suffered from diabetes mellitus type 1.

Another case in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, they generally do not experience the symptoms above. Even they may not know has suffered from diabetes.

2. Disease Type Diabetes Mellitus

1. Diabetes mellitus type 1
Diabetes type 1 diabetes who are dependent on insulin deficiency where the body of the hormone insulin, known as Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM). This is due to the loss of insulin-producing beta cells in the islands of Langerhans of the pancreas. Type 1 diabetes is usually found in infants, children and adolescents.

Until recently, type 1 Diabetes Mellitus can only treat with the provision of insulin therapy continuously conducted continuously. Family history, diet and environmental factors influenced the treatment of type 1 diabetes. In type 1 diabetes should be considered controlling and monitoring blood sugar levels, you should use a blood sugar test. Especially in children and toddlers which they very easily become dehydrated, vomiting and often prone to various diseases.

2. Diabetes mellitus type 2
Diabetes type 2 is where the hormone insulin in the body can not function properly, known as Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM). This is because the various possibilities such as defects in insulin production, insulin resistance or reduced sensitivity (response) and sell the body tissue to insulin is indicated by rising levels of insulin in the blood.

There are several theories that articulate the cause of insulin resistance, including obesity factors (obesity). In type 2 diabetes, controlling blood sugar levels can be done with some measures such as diet, weight loss, and the provision of diabetic tablets. If the provision is not maximized tablet treatment response in blood sugar levels, then injecting the drug began to be considered.

3. Blood sugar

Normal blood sugar levels ranging from 70 to 150 mg/dL (millimoles/liter (United Kingdom unit)) or 4 to 8 mmol/l (milligrams/deciliter (United State unit)), Where 1 mmol/l = 18 mg/dl.

However, of course sugar levels increase after eating and decreased at a time when early morning waking. Someone said to have hyperglycemia when the blood sugar levels well above normal values, while hypoglycemia is a condition where a person experienced a decrease in blood sugar values below normal.

Diabetes Diagnosis can be established if the results of the fasting blood sugar level reaches 126 mg/dL or even more, and checking blood sugar after 2 hours of fasting (minimum 8 hours) to reach the level of 180 mg/dl. Meanwhile, blood sugar tests are done at random (as) can help diagnose diabetes when blood sugar values reached levels between 140 mg/dL and 200 mg/dL, even more so when he over 200 mg/dl.

Many blood sugar testing devices that are traded today and can be purchased in many places selling medical devices or pharmacy as the Accu-Chek, BCJ Group, Accurate, OneTouch UltraEasy machine. For patients diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus, it's good for them to be able to buy it.

4. Disease Treatment and Management of Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes generally undergo treatment insulin therapy (Lantus/Levemir, Humalog, Novolog or Apidra) is continuous, but it is by exercising sufficiently and controlling your diet (diet).

In people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, management of medication and treatment focuses on lifestyle and physical activity. Control values in blood sugar levels is the key to treatment programs, namely by reducing the weight, diet, and exercise. If this does not achieve the expected results, the tablet drug delivery would be required. Even giving insulin injections is required when a tablet'm not cope with controlling blood sugar levels.


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What Diabetic patients should know

Another World Diabetes day has come and gone. It was a day of free blood sugar testing,free or subsidised testing for complications of Diabetes,Run for Diabetes,Seminars and Awareness classes etc etc.

In my own way I was also giving free consultation to Diabetes patients.When the testing and consultation are free there will be a rush of patients and I had the same experience.So it was an exhausting day.

Not all who had come were very poor. Many test their blood sugars only occasionally even though they could very well afford it. Many have never tested their Cholesterol,eyes or Kidney functions. Lack of knowledge about Diabetes and its complications were evident in most of the patients. The theme of World Diabetes day UNDERSTAND DIABETES; TAKE CONTROL is so relevant for this group of patients who came rushing to my Hospital for free testing and consultation.
To know more about World Diabetes Day click here

What Diabetic patients should know

Targets for Diabetics
Fasting Blood Sugar 70-120mg/dl
Post meal[after 90 mts] less than 180mg/dl
HbA1c less than 7 percent
Blood Pressure less than 130/80
HDL Cholesterol more than 40 mg/dl
LDL Cholesterol less than 100mg/dl
Triglycerides less than 150mg/dl

What and When to test

1.Test Blood sugar as frequently as possible. At least twice or thrice a month if well controlled.Test HbA1c every 6 months

2.Check Blood Pressure every 3 to 6 months. More frequently if high or low.

3.Lipid Profile [cholesterol test] at least every 6 months if found high once.Otherwise once a year.

4. Cardiac check up [ECG and Tread Mill test and if needed Angiography] once on diagnosis and then every 2-4 years if first examination was normal and there are no symptoms. More frequently if first tests are abnormal or if there are cardiac symptoms.

5.Kidney tests like Urine micro albumin and Serum creatinine every year.

6. Eye check up including retina examination after putting an eye drop to dilate the pupil on diagnosis of Diabetes and then once every 1-2 years.

7. Neuropathy testing on diagnosis and every 2 years if there are no symptoms.

Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes. What you can do? The Life Circle approach

Each year 7 million people develop diabetes and the most dramatic increases in type 2 diabetes have occurred in populations where there have been rapid and major changes in lifestyle, like India, demonstrating the important role played by lifestyle factors and the potential for reversing the global epidemic.

A person with type 2 diabetes is 2 – 4 times more likely to get cardiovascular disease (CVD), and 80% of people with diabetes will die from it. Premature mortality caused by diabetes results in an estimated 12 to 14 years of life lost.
India leads the global top ten in terms of the highest number of people with diabetes with a current figure of 40.9 million, followed by China with 39.8 million. Behind them come USA; Russia; Germany; Japan; Pakistan; Brazil; Mexico and Egypt. Developing countries account for seven of the world’s top ten.

A complex interplay of genetic, social and environmental factors is driving the global explosion in type 2 diabetes. For low and middle-income countries, economic advancement can lead to alterations to the living environment that result in changes in diet and physical activity within a generation or two. Consequently, people can develop diabetes despite relatively low gains in weight. In the developed world, diabetes is most common among the poorest communities. Either way, wherever poverty and lack of sanitation drive families to low cost-per-calorie foods and packaged drinks, type 2 diabetes thrives.

Diabetes is deadly. It accounts for 3.8 million deaths per year, similar in magnitude to HIV/AIDS. Once thought of as a disease of the elderly, diabetes has shifted down a generation to affect people of working age, particularly in developing countries.

The UN recognition of Diabetes follows the passing of Resolution 61/225, the World Diabetes Day Resolution, in December 2006. The landmark resolution was the first goal of an ambitious campaign led by the IDF which recognizes diabetes as a chronic, debilitating and costly disease associated with major complications that pose severe risks for families and countries throughout the world. The UN has thrown its support behind it and encourages countries to act now. The Resolution can be viewed here .

People forming blue circle on World Diabetes day

Kathmandu Declaration and Life Circle approach

To mark World Diabetes Day 2008 on 14 November, the South-East Asia Region (SEAR) of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) has announced the development of a landmark declaration. The “Kathmandu Declaration” is an action plan, providing guidelines and a framework for the prevention and care of diabetes through the pioneering concept of the “life circle”, which is in keeping with the blue circle from the Unite for Diabetes logo. The life circle approach concentrates on the prevention of type 2 diabetes from preconception to adulthood, highlighting the risk factors and prevention strategies at each stage in life through behavioral and environmental changes. The salient features of the approach are the following.

Prevention before bearing your child [Pre Conception Period]
You can try to prevent you and your yet to be born children getting Type 2 Diabetes.

You can do this by

1. Maintaining a BMI of less than 23 [for Indians and other South Asians; less than 25 for Caucasians]

and a waist circumference of less than 90 for males and less than 80cm for females.

[Waist circumference should be measured at the mid point between the horizontal lines through the bottom of ribs and top of pelvis]

2.Regular physical activity of at least 30 minutes a day for 5 days a week.[more if you need to loose weight]

3. Check your blood sugar to rule out Diabetes or pre-diabetes before becoming pregnant

4.Good dietary habits which includes increased amount of vegetables and fresh fruits and minimum high calorie foods.

Prevention of type 2 Diabetes in childhood and adolescence

Make sure that your child is not over weight.Actively discourage sedentary habits and over eating.Do your workouts with your kids if possible.Too much stress on studies will make your child highly paid but an unhealthy professional.

Prevention of type 2 Diabetes in adulthood

To find out your risk for type 2 diabetes, check each item that applies to you.

1. My BMI is more than 23 or my waste circumference is more than 90cm[males] or 80cms[females]
2. I have a parent, brother/ sister Uncles/Aunts, Cousins with diabetes.
3. I am from South Asia.
4. I have had gestational diabetes, or I gave birth to at least one baby weighing more than 3.5 kilograms.
5. My blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg or higher, or I have been told at least once that my blood pressure is more than normal.
6. My cholesterol levels are not normal.

My HDL cholesterol—“good” cholesterol—is below 35 mg/dL, or

7. my triglyceride level is above 250 mg/dL.
8.I am fairly inactive. I exercise fewer than three times a week.
9.I have polycystic ovary syndrome, also called PCOS—women only.
10.On previous testing, I had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) i.e blood sugar 2 hour after meal between 140 and 199mg or impaired fasting glucose (IFG), i.e fasting blood sugar between 100 and 125mg
11.I have other clinical conditions associated with insulin resistance, such as acanthosis nigricans.

12.I have a history of Coronary heart disease or Stroke.

The more items you checked, the higher your risk.

Click here to calculate your Diabetes risk [for South Asian population]

How can I reduce my risk?
You can do a lot to lower your chances of getting diabetes. Exercising regularly, reducing fat and calorie intake, and losing a little weight can help you reduce your risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Lowering blood pressure and cholesterol levels also helps you stay healthy.

If you are overweight
Then take these steps:
Reach and maintain a reasonable body weight.
Make wise food choices most of the time.
Be physically active every day.

If you are fairly inactive
Then take this step:
Be physically active every day.

If your blood pressure is too high
Then take these steps:
Reach and maintain a reasonable body weight.
Make wise food choices most of the time.
Reduce your intake of sodium and alcohol.
Be physically active every day.
Talk with your doctor about whether you need medicine to control your blood pressure.

If your cholesterol or triglyceride levels are too high
Then take these steps:
Make wise food choices most of the time.
Be physically active every day.
Talk with your doctor about whether you need medicine to control your cholesterol levels.
Making Changes to Lower My Risk
Making big changes in your life is hard, especially if you are faced with more than one change. You can make it easier by taking these steps:
Make a plan to change behavior.
Decide exactly what you will do and when you will do it.
Plan what you need to get ready.
Think about what might prevent you from reaching your goals.
Find family and friends who will support and encourage you.
Decide how you will reward yourself when you do what you have planned.
Your doctor, a dietitian, or a counselor can help you make a plan. Consider making changes to lower your risk of diabetes.

Reach and Maintain a Reasonable Body Weight
Your weight affects your health in many ways. Being overweight can keep your body from making and using insulin properly. Excess body weight can also cause high blood pressure.
Body mass index (BMI) is a measure of body weight relative to height. You can use BMI to see whether you are underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese. Use the Body Mass Index Table to find your BMI.
Find your height in the left-hand column.
Move across in the same row to the number closest to your weight.
The number at the top of that column is your BMI. Check the word above your BMI to see whether you are normal weight, overweight, or obese.

If you are overweight or obese, choose sensible ways to get in shape.
Avoid crash diets. Instead, eat less of the foods you usually have. Limit the amount of fat you eat.
Increase your physical activity. Aim for at least 30 minutes of exercise most days of the week.
Set a reasonable weight-loss goal, such as losing 1-2 kilograms a month. Aim for a long-term goal of losing 5 to 7 percent of your total body weight.

Make Wise Food Choices Most of the Time
What you eat has a big impact on your health. By making wise food choices, you can help control your body weight, blood pressure, and cholesterol.
Take a look at the serving sizes of the foods you eat. Reduce serving sizes of main courses such as meat, desserts, and foods high in fat. Increase the amount of fruits and vegetables.
Limit your fat intake to about 20-25 percent of your total calories. For example, if your food choices add up to about 2,000 calories a day, try to eat no more than 56 grams of fat. Your doctor or a dietitian can help you figure out how much fat to have. You can also check food labels for fat content.
Limit your sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg—about 1 teaspoon of salt—each day.
Talk with your doctor about whether you may drink alcoholic beverages. If you choose to drink alcoholic beverages, limit your intake.
You may also wish to reduce the number of calories you have each day. Your doctor or dietitian can help you with a meal plan that emphasizes weight loss.
Keep a food and exercise log. Write down what you eat, how much you exercise—anything that helps keep you on track.
When you meet your goal, reward yourself with a nonfood item or activity, like watching a movie.

Acknowledgement
Compiled and edited from IDF and NIH websites. A big thanks to Dr C.S.Yagnik,Pune for his inputs.
The series of meetings leading to the Kathmandu declaration is supported by an educational grant from Merck Sharp & Dohme.

Obstinate Patient?

The other day I had a tough time with one of my patient.
She was 54 years of age.She was diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes 5 years ago. Her blood sugar was under fair control with a tablet taken in the morning before breakfast. But for the last 3 months it was high in the mid 300s. I wanted to increase the dosage of her medicine.I told her it will be better to take half a tablet before dinner also.
But her response surprised me.She refused to take medicine in the evening.
'Why'? I asked.
' I am taking an Ayurvedic herbal powder as medicine for Diabetes in the evening' I cant stop that.
I got irritated.May be I was in an irritable mood.
'You first decide on the system of medicine you want to follow.If you want to follow modern medicine you obey my instructions' I shouted.[ I never shouts but my voice was raised].
She was taken back by my raised voice.
'I have been taking that powder for last 3 years'. She pleaded.
'So what?' 'It is not reducing your Blood sugar.So better stop'. My voice was still raised.
She pleaded again but I held on to my tough stand.
Her eyes were red and tears appeared. I did not know what to do for some time.
Then I relented. 'You take your powder in the evening 2 hours before the tablet'.
'If both are taken in the evening will there be any interaction?" She was worried.
I said there wont be any problem. She was relieved and I was able to defuse a difficult situation.
May be I should have proposed that compromise formula earlier.I should not have raised my voice.Some days I may become too irritable.

Type 2 or Type 1 Diabetes? Not sure yet

The 12 yr old girl with Diabetes about whom I posted few days ago came with her lab reports. The C peptide level was in the upper range of normal.It means considerable amount of Insulin is being secreted from her Pancreas.

Does it mean she is having Type 2 Diabetes? We cannot be sure yet. There is something called 'honey moon' period in Type 1 Diabetes where the patient's requirement of Insulin injections will be less or even nil. That does not mean the patient is not suffering Type 1 Diabetes. After such honey moon period which lasts for few months the Insulin requirement will increase and the patient will show all features of Type 1 Diabetes.

Let us hope it is not Type 1 Diabetes but only time will tell.Meanwhile I have started her on Oral tablets in addition to Insulin.Let us see the response.

Diabetes Type 1 or Type 2?

She was 12 years old, studying in 7th standard. She was admitted in a nearby hospital with fever, vomiting, and recent lose of weight of 10 kgs. Her urine sugar test showed brick red color (meaning more than 2 percent glucose). Her blood sugar was then checked. It was 468mg percent. She was diagnosed as type 1 diabetes with Diabetic ketoacidosis[DKA]. She was managed with Insulin and intravenous fluids. She recovered well. She was then referred to me to confirm the diagnosis of type 1 Diabetes.
As they walked in, the child looked relaxed. The parents were tensed and stressed. What they were hoping was, I will tell them that this is not real diabetes. They repeatedly told me that no one in their family were diabetic.They did not had any clue why their daughter had so high blood sugar. Neither had I.
She was an obese child. According to parents, she had lost about 15 kilograms in 4 months. All started after she was ill with chicken pox.
Is she having an Insulin dependent type 1 Diabetes seen commonly in children or is she having a type 2 diabetes commonly seen in adults, but now also seen in obese teenagers?
If it is type 1 diabetes, she will need Insulin life long. If it is type 2 diabetes, she may be able to manage with diet, exercise, and tablets for a long time.
Diagnosis is little tricky in her case. History of obesity is in favour of type 2 diabetes, but sudden weight loss, DKA, and history of chicken pox suggests type 1 diabetes (type 1 often follows a viral infection).
Two tests may help me. One is a test for antibodies against pancreatic cells. Such antibodies are seen in most type 1 patients. Other is estimation of C peptide, which is an indirect measurement of body's insulin production. C peptide will be low in type 1 diabetes.
Antibody tests are costly. C peptide estimation is less costly.The family is poor with both parents not having any regular employment. So, I opted for C peptide estimation.
Type 1 or type 2? The answer may become clear next week when the lab results come.

A happy death?

He was 74. He had diabetes and high blood pressure. He had also suffered from a Minor Stroke. He was a regular in my clinic for last 7 years. He takes his medicines regularly, tests his blood sugar frequently, and follows all my advise religiously. He came for his regular followup 2 weeks ago.

Today morning he is no more. His son called me and told me that he died in his sleep. He was apparently normal when he went to sleep. Today morning he did not wake up. Probably he had a peaceful death.

He wished for such a death. He never wanted to trouble his children and relatives. He never wanted his children to spend their hard-earned money to make him survive for a few more months or an year. He asked me never to admit him in ICU if he fell ill. He was a pensioner and could easily afford the medicines I prescribed, but nothing more than that.

Was he conscious when he died? What was his thoughts then? Did he yearn for a few more days of life? Or was he happy in death? One never knows.